Version:
12.3.4 (2013-02-27)
Copyright © 2013 Novell, Inc.
Aveți permisiunea de a copia, distribui și/sau modifica acest document în condițiile GNU Free Documentation License, versiunea 1.2 sau orice versiune ulterioară publicată de Free Software Foundation; fără Secțiuni Invariante, fără Texte pentru Coperta I (Front-Cover) și fără Texte pentru Coperta II (Back-Cover). O copie a acestei licențe este inclusă în fișierul fdl.txt.
Dacă actualizați o versiune mai veche la această versiune openSUSE, consultați aici notele de lansare anterioare: http://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Release_Notes
Aceste informații despre produs acoperă următoarele aspecte:
Secțiune 1, „Diverse”: These entries are automatically included from openFATE, the Feature- and Requirements Management System (http://features.opensuse.org).
Indisponibil
Secțiune 2, „Instalare”: Citiți acestea dacă doriți să instalați sistemul din bucăți.
Secțiune 3, „General”: Informație pe care fiecare ar trebui să o citească.
Secțiune 4, „Actualizare sistem”: Issues related to the process if you run a system upgrade from the previous release to this openSUSE version.
Secțiune 5, „Detalii tehnice”: Această secțiune conține un număr de schimbări tehnice și și îmbunătățiri pentru utilizatorul experimentat.
For detailed installation information, see Secțiune 3.1, „Documentația openSUSE”.
In Start-Up, find step-by-step installation instructions, as well as introductions to the KDE and Gnome desktops and to the LibreOffice suite. Also covered are basic administration topics such as deployment and software management and an introduction to the bash shell.
Reference covers administration, and system configuration in detail and explains how to set up various network services.
The Security Guide introduces basic concepts of system security, covering both local and network security aspects.
The System Analysis and Tuning Guide helps with problem detection, resolution and optimization.
Virtualization with KVM offers an introduction to setting up and managing virtualization with KVM, libvirt and QEMU tools.
Find the documentation in
/usr/share/doc/manual/opensuse-manuals_$LANG after
installing the package opensuse-manuals_$LANG,
or online on http://doc.opensuse.org.
Prior to installing openSUSE on a system that boots using UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) you are urgently advised to check for any firmware updates the hardware vendor recommends and, if availale, to install such an update. A pre-installed Windows 8 is a strong indication that your system boots using UEFI.
Background: Some UEFI firmware has bugs that cause
it to break if too much data gets written to the UEFI storage
area. Nobody really knows how much "too much" is, though. openSUSE
minimizes the risk by not writing more than the bare minimum required to
boot the OS. The minimum means telling the UEFI firmware about the
location of the openSUSE boot loader. Upstream Linux Kernel features
that use the UEFI storage area for storing boot and crash information
(pstore) have been disabled by default. Nevertheless
it is recommended to install any firmware updates the hardware vendor
recommends.
By default, you use the YaST Network Settings dialog (yast2 network) to activate NetworkManager. If you want to activate NetworkManager, proceed as follows.
The NETWORKMANAGER sysconfig variable in
/etc/sysconfig/network/config to activate
NetworkManager has been replaced with a systemd
network.service alias link, which will be created
with the
systemctl enable NetworkManager.service
command. It causes the creation of a
network.service alias link pointing to the
NetworkManager.service, and thus deactivates the
/etc/init.d/network script. The command
systemctl -p Id show network.service
allows to query the currently selected network service.
To enable NetworkManager, use:
First, stop the running service:
systemctl is-active network.service && \ systemctl stop network.service
Enable the NetworkManager service:
systemctl --force enable NetworkManager.service
Start the NetworkManager service (via alias link):
systemctl start network.service
To disable NetworkManager, use:
Stop the running service:
systemctl is-active network.service && \ systemctl stop network.service
Disable the NetworkManager service:
systemctl disable NetworkManager.service
Start the /etc/init.d/network service:
systemctl start network.service
To query the currently selected service, use:
systemctl -p Id show network.service
It returns "Id=NetworkManager.service" if the
NetworkManager service is enabled, otherwise
"Id=network.service" and
/etc/init.d/network is acting as the network service.
The SYSLOG_DAEMON variable has been removed. Previously, it was used to select the syslog daemon. Starting with openSUSE 12.3, only one syslog implementation can be installed at a time on a system and will be selected automatically for usage.
For details, see the syslog(8) manpage.
With openSUSE 11.3 we switched to KMS (Kernel Mode Setting) for Intel, ATI
and NVIDIA graphics, which now is our default. If you encounter problems with
the KMS driver support (intel, radeon, nouveau), disable KMS by adding
nomodeset to the kernel boot command line.
To set this permanently using Grub 2, the default boot loader, add it to
the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT kernel default load
options line in your /etc/default/grub text file as
root and running the terminal command
sudo /usr/sbin/grub2-mkconfig --output=/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
for the changes to take effect. Else, for Grub Legacy, add it to the kernel
command line in /boot/grub/menu.lst, also done as root.
This option makes sure the appropriate kernel module (intel, radeon,
nouveau) is loaded with modeset=0 in
initrd, i.e. KMS is disabled.
In the rare cases when loading the DRM module from initrd
is a general problem and unrelated to KMS, it is even possible to disable
loading of the DRM module in initrd completely. For this
set the NO_KMS_IN_INITRD sysconfig variable to
yes via YaST, which then recreates
initrd afterwards. Reboot your machine.
On Intel without KMS the Xserver falls back to the
fbdev driver (the intel driver
only supports KMS); alternatively, for legacy GPUs from Intel the
"intellegacy" driver
(xorg-x11-driver-video-intel-legacy package) is
available, which still supports UMS (User Mode Setting). To use it,
edit /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/50-device.conf and change
the driver entry to intellegacy.
On ATI for current GPUs it falls back to radeonhd. On
NVIDIA without KMS the nv driver is used (the
nouveau driver supports only KMS). Note, newer ATI
and NVIDIA GPUs are falling back to fbdev, if you
specify the nomodeset kernel boot parameter.
By default, systemd cleans tmp directories daily as configured in
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf. Users can change it
by copying /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf to
/etc/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf and modifying the copied
file. It will override
/usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/tmp.conf.
Note: systemd does not honor obsolete sysconfig variables in
/etc/sysconfig/cron such as
TMP_DIRS_TO_CLEAR.
The SuSEconfig.postfix was renamed as
/usr/sbin/config.postfix. If you set sysconfig
variables in /etc/sysconfig/postfix or
/etc/sysconfig/mail, you must manually run
/usr/sbin/config.postfix as root.
In Gnome 3.6 use the following workaround to set Shift or Ctrl+Shift as shortcut keys for input source selection:
Install gnome-tweak-tools.
Then in the 'Typing' section, at the very bottom, find the 'Modifiers-only input source switch' option, where you can set Ctrl Shift_L, for example (meaning, Ctrl key and left shift) or Shift_L Shift_R (meaning both Shift Keys).
This is also being tracked in the upstream bug report https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=689839.